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O'Brien, John. “The St. Valentine's Day Massacre.” chicagotribune.com, May 14, 2019. https://www.chicagotribune.com/nation-world/chi-chicagodays-valentinesmassacre-story-story.html

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Detroit News (Detroit, Michigan), April 1, 1928: 1. Readex: America's Historical Newspapers. https://infoweb-newsbank-com.proxy1.cl.msu.edu/apps/readex/doc?p=EANX&docref=image/v2%3A143B808DB2B45FAC%40EANX-164919024642B2DE%402425338-1648B74DE8E3FF84%400

News, Detroit. “Jewelry Raid Charged to 3.” Info Web News Bank. Accessed April 17, 2023. https://infoweb-newsbank-com.proxy1.cl.msu.edu/apps/readex/doc?p=EANX&docref=image%2Fv2%3A143B808DB2B45FAC%40EANX-1646AB7ECB9459E7%402425540-164690B9CE622E17%400-164690B9CE622E17%40.

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Robert Knapp Knapp, Robert. 2020. “Michigan and the Eaglet: The Lindbergh Kidnapping, Purple Gang, and Governor Wilber M. Brucker.” Michigan Historical Review 46 (2): 94–138. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=31h&AN=146955126.

Rockaway, Robert A. 2001. “The Notorious Purple Gang: Detroit’s All-Jewish Prohibition Era Mob.” Shofar 20 (1): 113–30. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=edsjsr&AN=edsjsr.42944836.

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